本篇通过使用Verilog实现UART的读写。
RX模块
12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364656667686970717273747576777879808182838485868788899091929394module my_uart_rx(clk,rst_n,rs232_rx,rx_data,rx_int,clk_bps,bps_start);input clk; // 50MHz主时钟input rst_n; //低电平复位信号input rs232_rx; // RS232接收数据信号input clk_bps; // clk_bps的高电平为接收或者发送数据位的中间采样点output bps_start; //接收到数据后,波特率时钟启动信号置位output[7:0] rx_data; //接收数据寄存器,保存直至下一个数据来到output rx_int; //接收数据中断信号,接收到数据期间始终为高电平//----------------------------------------------------------------reg rs232_rx0,rs232_rx1,rs232_rx2,rs232_rx3; //接收数据寄存器,滤波用wire neg_rs232_rx; //表示数据线接收到下降沿always @ (posedge clk or negedge rst_n) beginif(!rst_n) beginrs232_rx0 <= 1'b0;rs232_rx1 <= 1'b0;rs232_rx2 <= 1'b0;rs232_rx3 <= 1'b0;endelse beginrs232_rx0 <= rs232_rx;rs232_rx1 <= rs232_rx0;rs232_rx2 <= rs232_rx1;rs232_rx3 <= rs232_rx2;endend//下面的下降沿检测可以滤掉<20ns-40ns的毛刺(包括高脉冲和低脉冲毛刺),//这里就是用资源换稳定(前提是我们对时间要求不是那么苛刻,因为输入信号打了好几拍)//(当然我们的有效低脉冲信号肯定是远远大于40ns的)assign neg_rs232_rx = rs232_rx3 & rs232_rx2 & ~rs232_rx1 & ~rs232_rx0; //接收到下降沿后neg_rs232_rx置高一个时钟周期//----------------------------------------------------------------reg bps_start_r;reg[3:0] num; //移位次数reg rx_int; //接收数据中断信号,接收到数据期间始终为高电平always @ (posedge clk or negedge rst_n)if(!rst_n) beginbps_start_r <= 1'bz;rx_int <= 1'b0;endelse if(neg_rs232_rx) begin //接收到串口接收线rs232_rx的下降沿标志信号bps_start_r <= 1'b1; //启动串口准备数据接收rx_int <= 1'b1; //接收数据中断信号使能endelse if(num==4'd12) begin //接收完有用数据信息bps_start_r <= 1'b0; //数据接收完毕,释放波特率启动信号rx_int <= 1'b0; //接收数据中断信号关闭endassign bps_start = bps_start_r;//----------------------------------------------------------------reg[7:0] rx_data_r; //串口接收数据寄存器,保存直至下一个数据来到//----------------------------------------------------------------reg[7:0] rx_temp_data; //当前接收数据寄存器always @ (posedge clk or negedge rst_n)if(!rst_n) beginrx_temp_data <= 8'd0;num <= 4'd0;rx_data_r <= 8'd0;endelse if(rx_int) begin //接收数据处理if(clk_bps) begin //读取并保存数据,接收数据为一个起始位,8bit数据,1或2个结束位num <= num+1'b1;case (num)4'd1: rx_temp_data[0] <= rs232_rx; //锁存第0bit4'd2: rx_temp_data[1] <= rs232_rx; //锁存第1bit4'd3: rx_temp_data[2] <= rs232_rx; //锁存第2bit4'd4: rx_temp_data[3] <= rs232_rx; //锁存第3bit4'd5: rx_temp_data[4] <= rs232_rx; //锁存第4bit4'd6: rx_temp_data[5] <= rs232_rx; //锁存第5bit4'd7: rx_temp_data[6] <= rs232_rx; //锁存第6bit4'd8: rx_temp_data[7] <= rs232_rx; //锁存第7bitdefault: ;endcaseendelse if(num == 4'd12) begin //我们的标准接收模式下只有1+8+1(2)=11bit的有效数据num <= 4'd0; //接收到STOP位后结束,num清零rx_data_r <= rx_temp_data; //把数据锁存到数据寄存器rx_data中endendassign rx_data = rx_data_r;endmoduleTX模块
12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364656667686970717273747576777879808182838485868788899091module my_uart_tx(clk,rst_n,rx_data,rx_int,rs232_tx,clk_bps,bps_start);input clk; // 50MHz主时钟input rst_n; //低电平复位信号input clk_bps; // clk_bps_r高电平为接收数据位的中间采样点,同时也作为发送数据的数据改变点input[7:0] rx_data; //接收数据寄存器input rx_int; //接收数据中断信号,接收到数据期间始终为高电平,在该模块中利用它的下降沿来启动串口发送数据output rs232_tx; // RS232发送数据信号output bps_start; //接收或者要发送数据,波特率时钟启动信号置位//---------------------------------------------------------reg rx_int0,rx_int1,rx_int2; //rx_int信号寄存器,捕捉下降沿滤波用wire neg_rx_int; // rx_int下降沿标志位always @ (posedge clk or negedge rst_n) beginif(!rst_n) beginrx_int0 <= 1'b0;rx_int1 <= 1'b0;rx_int2 <= 1'b0;endelse beginrx_int0 <= rx_int;rx_int1 <= rx_int0;rx_int2 <= rx_int1;endendassign neg_rx_int = ~rx_int1 & rx_int2; //捕捉到下降沿后,neg_rx_int拉高保持一个主时钟周期//---------------------------------------------------------reg[7:0] tx_data; //待发送数据的寄存器//---------------------------------------------------------reg bps_start_r;reg tx_en; //发送数据使能信号,高有效reg[3:0] num;always @ (posedge clk or negedge rst_n) beginif(!rst_n) beginbps_start_r <= 1'bz;tx_en <= 1'b0;tx_data <= 8'd0;endelse if(neg_rx_int) begin //接收数据完毕,准备把接收到的数据发回去bps_start_r <= 1'b1;tx_data <= rx_data; //把接收到的数据存入发送数据寄存器tx_en <= 1'b1; //进入发送数据状态中endelse if(num==4'd11) begin //数据发送完成,复位bps_start_r <= 1'b0;tx_en <= 1'b0;endendassign bps_start = bps_start_r;//---------------------------------------------------------reg rs232_tx_r;always @ (posedge clk or negedge rst_n) beginif(!rst_n) beginnum <= 4'd0;rs232_tx_r <= 1'b1;endelse if(tx_en) beginif(clk_bps) beginnum <= num+1'b1;case (num)4'd0: rs232_tx_r <= 1'b0; //发送起始位4'd1: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[0]; //发送bit04'd2: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[1]; //发送bit14'd3: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[2]; //发送bit24'd4: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[3]; //发送bit34'd5: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[4]; //发送bit44'd6: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[5]; //发送bit54'd7: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[6]; //发送bit64'd8: rs232_tx_r <= tx_data[7]; //发送bit74'd9: rs232_tx_r <= 1'b1; //发送结束位default: rs232_tx_r <= 1'b1;endcaseendelse if(num==4'd11) num <= 4'd0; //复位endendassign rs232_tx = rs232_tx_r;endmodule
版权声明:本文为博主原创文章,转载需声明为转载内容并添加原文地址。